Hi mark,
Well put.
I am under the impression that at individual student level you can only get for example 40 or 46 etc, i.e. the KS4 APS does not reflect the marks on the paper ergo, somoene who is one mark from a B or just into the C range still gets 40 points? is that correct.
Therefore at individual student level the +/- VA is interesting but really VA needs to be considered across cohorts where you need the balance of students achieving positive and negative VA.
Is this right?